#13 Helicopter parents- hover-micromariage often over-shelter – remove obstacles for children

         2 reasons for trend: 1) cell phones  - the worlds longest ambilical cord 2) tuition cost rising –        parents have huge investment

#14 Freuds model of the mind

         Saw himself as a archeologist of the human mind, not interested in group studies – treated individuals (empirical data)

Notion of the Unconciousness

         Consciousness – super ego

         __________________________ division of the mind –EGO (in the middle)

         Unconsciousness – ID

Tripartite model of the mind (3 parts) ID

                   \/                         Ego

         Conflict model                           Super Ego

ID wants sex, food

Super Ego wants “law” –how you should behave

Ego mediates between ID and Superego – balance

Example in Cat in the Hat—ID- cat in the hat, Super Ego-fish, Ego Sally and Conrad

#15 Defense Mechanism – ways for the mind to deal with the anxiety because of all the give and take

1) repression         2) rationalization    3) denial

4) projection – putting out into the world something about yourself

5)displacement – displaces the feelings with someone else

6) reaction formation – taking whatever it is your feeling and twisting it around

7) sublimination – taking whatever conflict you have and expressing it to the word; artist, musician

Stress- event or situation – appraise or judge it to see if you can psychologically deal with it – if you think you will have a hard time that becomes stress. If you think you can not deal with it it is repressed.

-Freud says therapy described in one word- transference, a type of projection- aim of therapy to let this develop, once develops, you interpret it.

Peer review – other experts reviewing your study

1) Acceptance as is – minimal editing

2) Acceptance with revision

3) Rejection with invitation to resubmit

4) Rejection – polite

5) Rejection – (rude? Rare? )

#16 emperical work – collect data, numbers to prove

Strong evidence – defense mechanisms, oral/anal personality

Moderate evidence – origins of depression and paranoia, unconscious forces

Weak evidence – oedipal issues, female sexuality

#18 Projective tests

Projective – no right or wrong—what you see

Objective – has right or wrong answer for ever question or ones specific profile in the end, reliable

Rorshach – Projective test – what are you thinking about – hidden issues that seep out

         Ink blot test- not reliable—two different people would have to different answers as would to      different raters of the same person

#22 Appraisal – interpretation, evaluation, judgment

         Harm- 1 loss- something bad has happened and you have to judge if you can handle it

         Threat – about to happen – evaluate how much of a threat and if you can handle it

         Challenge – see as opportunity, positive

Chainsaw accident study – stimulus – blood, dismemberment in film

                                  Dependent variable – galvanic skin response; sweat, nerves, anxiety

1)  Identify with subject      harm/loss appraisal

2) safety expert point of view     challenge appraisal

#23 Stress

General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) under repeated stress

1)      alarm stage – fight or flight kicks in (sympathetic nervous system)

2)      Resistance stage – adapt and try to return to normal

3)      Exhaustion stage – organ damage and weakened immune system

-          Psychosomatic symptoms—concentration down, depression, cant sleep, stomach pain

#29 Somatoform disorders – physical complaint with no known medical cause, symptoms are real but maybe psychological reasons underneath

         Factitious D.O. – person faking (internal) for internal gain

         Malingering – doing something or reporting something not there for external reward—maybe    money

#26 DSDM: IV – Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel – IV

-Somatoform diagnosis

         -classification of diagnosis and their criteria—psychiatric, APA

         -book is always in flux (changing constantly)

         -example – ADHD – 1 diagnosis with three subtypes; inattentive, hyper/impulsive, combined

         -Axis I: major clinical syndromes

                   Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence

                            Organic mental disorders

                            Substance related disorders

                            Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders

                            Mood disorders

                            Anxiety disorders

                            Somatoform disorders

                            Dissociative disorders

                            Sexual and gender – identity disorders

         -Axis II: personality disorders

         -Axis III: general medical conditions

         Axis IV: Psychosocial and environmental problems

         Axis V: Global assessment scale

Cormorbid- multiple disorders

#27 Assessment and Mental disorders

         -generalized anxiety disorder

         -Panic disorder ( with or without agoraphobia)

         -obsessive compulsive disorder

Acute – severe and time compressive

         -panic attack from panic disorder

Agoraphobia- fear of the world, fear of the unknown because something out there will make you panic

Generalized anxiety disorder – constant low riding worry

Obsessive compulsive disorder – OCD, obsession> thoughts, compulsive > behavior, actions in axess

Functional limitations have to be obvious to diagnose disorder, actions must affect your everyday life

#30 school shootings

Secret service and department of education working on study to prevent school shottings

Myths about S.s. – 1) “he didn’t fit the profile”, there is no profile for school shooters unlike serial killers

                        2) “he just snapped”, these are not impulsive act, are usually planned out

                         3) “no one knew”, people just didn’t notice the signs, but looking back they can put it                           together

                          6) “he was crazy”, most shooters don’t already have disorders

                          8) “he never touched a gun”, usually shooters have used a gun before

#31 Mood disorders

         -major depressive disorder—worst for of depression, sadness and causes sleep and eating disorders

         -bipolar disorder – fluxes in manic cycles and depressive cycles. Manic- awake all the time,   extremely happy. Depressed- sad, tired, exhausted

         -dysthymic disorder – just bad for a very long period of time

Depression- significantly differ than normal functioning for more than two weeks, symptoms of depression

#32 electroconvulsive therapy (ETC)

         More common now than 20-30 years ago

         Inducing seizures with electricity

                   Brief and controlled

                   Used originally for psychotic problems

         Major use now is major depression that does not respond to medication

#33 personality disorders

         Antisocial – almost all serial killers are antisocial – not asocial but no connectedness to people,      people are just there to use in their eyes

         Borderline – emotional rollercoaster, instant changes in feelings about people, very unclear to     no boundaries

         Narcissistic – self absorbed, all about self, normally very intelligent -- cult leaders and     destructive cults

#45 cult – group of people with strong beliefs and reach a sense of identity that worsens to dependency

         -harm themselves or others

#34 Psychotic Disorder

         Most long term hospitals are host to those with schizophrenia – split mind

         Psychosis – hallucinations, perceptual distortion (see, hear, feel), and delusions ( way of       believing and thinking)

         Type 1- positive symptoms, better prognosis ( chance of getting better)

         Type 2 – lack of engagement and motivation, catatonic

#35 dissociate disorder, example>multiple personality

         Alter- different personality- actual different people with different lives and memories in the        same body

         Single most controversial diagnosis

         Extremely rare

         No way to account for the separation

         Might be a trauma disorder

 看吧，这篇日志的字数一下就不同凡响了....